Definition
Echoic is a type of verbal operant in which the form of the vocal response matches the form of the verbal stimulus. It occurs when a speaker repeats a verbal stimulus that they hear. The echoic behavior is under the functional control of an auditory verbal discriminative stimulus (SD). Echoic behavior is crucial in language development, as it allows for the repetition of words and sounds, enabling individuals to learn through imitation. Reinforcement typically follows the echoic response, helping to shape and strengthen accurate verbal imitations.
Example
A therapist says the word “apple,” and the child immediately repeats “apple.” This repetition of the spoken word is an echoic response. The child’s response is controlled by the auditory SD (the therapist saying “apple”), and the form of the response (the vocalization) matches the stimulus. In teaching, echoic behavior is often reinforced with praise or other rewards to promote accurate speech development.