Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA)

A Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) is a process used in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) to identify the underlying causes or functions of a specific behavior. The goal is to determine why a behavior is occurring by analyzing the antecedents (what happens before the behavior), the behavior itself, and the consequences (what happens after the behavior). By understanding the function of the behavior, practitioners can develop effective interventions to reduce challenging behaviors and promote appropriate alternatives.

Example:

A student frequently throws objects during math class. An FBA might reveal the following:

  • Antecedent: The teacher presents a challenging math problem.
  • Behavior: The student throws their pencil.
  • Consequence: The teacher removes the math problem and lets the student leave the classroom.

In this case, the FBA may determine that the function of the behavior is escape from difficult tasks. Based on this, an intervention plan might involve teaching the student to request breaks appropriately instead of throwing objects.

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