Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA)

DRA (Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior) is a behavior modification strategy in which a behavior that serves the same function as a maladaptive or problematic behavior is reinforced, while the maladaptive behavior is not reinforced. This approach focuses on teaching and reinforcing a more appropriate, alternative behavior that fulfills the same need or purpose as the maladaptive behavior.

Example

A child frequently screams to get attention from their teacher. Instead of reinforcing the screaming, the teacher implements DRA by teaching the child to raise their hand as an alternative way to get attention. The teacher provides attention (reinforcement) whenever the child raises their hand but withholds attention when the child screams. Over time, the child learns that raising their hand is a more effective way to get attention, and the screaming behavior decreases.

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